Scientists from China have developed a special type of stem cells that are resistant to age-related changes and have demonstrated the ability to slow down the aging process.
As reported in the journal Cell, in an experiment on rhesus macaques, these cells slowed down systemic aging, improved cognitive function, and partially restored the reproductive system.
The new cells, called SRCs (senescence-resistant mesenchymal progenitor cells) by the authors, were obtained by genetic modification with increased activity of the transcription factor FOXO3, a master regulator of longevity and stress resistance. They were administered intravenously to elderly primates during a long-term experiment.
The results were impressive: the animals had a decrease in the number of senescent cells, reduced systemic inflammation and tissue degradation. Moreover, the therapy helped improve memory and coordination, and slowed age-related changes in the reproductive system.
Scientists explain that the rejuvenating effect is largely due to a paracrine mechanism: SRCs cells secrete microscopic vesicles (including exosomes) that contain biologically active molecules and help neighboring cells fight aging. Importantly, no serious side effects, including tumor formation, were recorded during the entire experiment.
The researchers call these results the first evidence that a genetically engineered stem cell approach can safely and effectively slow aging in primates. The next step will be to determine the long-term safety of this method and its potential application to humans.
